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High-Performance Electrochemical Creatinine Sensors Based on β‑Lead Di…

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논문명 High-Performance Electrochemical Creatinine Sensors Based on β‑Lead Dioxide/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Electrodes
저자 Sung Min Jeon, Han Been Lee, Chang Hyeon Ha, Do Hyeon Kim, Cheng Ai Li, Sung Ho Song, Cheol-Jung Lee, Do Kyoung Han and Gi Hun Seong
저널명 Analytical Chemistry
게재년월 2024. 09. 23
Vol. pp Vol. 96, Issue 40, 15941–15949
Creatinine is an important biomarker of kidney function and muscular metabolism. In this paper, we developed the β-lead dioxide/single-walled carbon nanotube (β-PbO2/CNT) and the β-PbO2/CNT ion-selective electrode (β-PbO2/CNT/ISE), which were used as highly sensitive potentiometric sensors for creatinine detection. The fabricated electrodes exhibited highly pH-sensitive characteristics due to the synergistic effect of the electrochemical properties of CNT and β-PbO2. Moreover, an ammonium-ion-selective membrane coating allowed the β-PbO2/CNT electrode to be NH4+-selective for direct detection of the ammonium ion. By exploiting the electrochemical characteristics of these electrodes, the creatinine assay was established through the one-step selective conversion of creatinine by creatinine deiminase, in which the OH− and NH4+ generated by the enzymatic reaction were detected using β-PbO2/CNT and β-PbO2/CNT/ISE electrodes as pH- and NH4+-responsive sensors, respectively. The total creatinine assay can be completed within ∼5 min. The assay results from β-PbO2/CNT and β-PbO2/CNT/ISE showed excellent sensitivity values of −75.56 and 64.62 mV in the detection range of 10−400 μM with a fast response (20 s), and the limits of detection were calculated to be 0.06 and 0.13 μM, respectively. Moreover, the developed creatinine sensor showed high selectivity against 11 interfering bio/chemical species with negligible interferences (selectivity coefficient <10−4) and excellent repeatability (>97% within 25 cycles) and long-term stability for 4 weeks of storage. In addition, the feasibility and practicality of the device were successfully demonstrated in human serum tests, with recoveries of 95−104% for PbO2/CNT and 92−110% for PbO2/CNT/ISE.

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